31. | Post, Harry H. G. (ed.) : International economic law and armed conflict, 1994 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph series International economic law and armed conflict / Post, Harry H. G. (ed.) - ( Nova et vetera iuris gentium ; no. 18), viii, 215 p.. - Dordrecht : Martinus Nijhoff publ., 1994. ISBN 0-7923-3189-3 LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Iraq / Kuwait / Haiti / Liberia / Libya / Yugoslavia / North AFrica / West Africa NOTE (GENERAL): UN charter; Geneva conventions |
|
32. | Wrange, Pål : Law, force and contingency , 1994 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial Law, force and contingency : notes on a bold monograph on Article 2(4) and the problems of finding a proper basis for international legal reasoning / Wrange, Pål REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): Nordic journal of international law : vol. 61/62., p. 83-99. - Dordrecht : Martinus Nijhoff publ., 1994. - ISSN 0902-7351 LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
NOTE (GENERAL): UN charter |
|
33. | Simma, Bruno (ed.) : The charter of the United Nations, 1994 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph The charter of the United Nations : a commentary / Simma, Bruno (ed.) ; in collab. with Herman Mosler, Abbrecht Randelzhofer, Christian Tomuschat, Rüdiger Wolfrum, xlix, 1258 p.. - Oxford : Oxford U. P., 1994. ISBN 0-19-825703-1 LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Finland LOCAL GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Aaland Islands NOTE (GENERAL): Geneva conventions; ECHR; UN charter; ICCPR; CEDAW; ICESCR; Hague conventions; Genocide convention; CAT |
|
34. | Palwankar, Umesh (ed.) : Symposium on humanitarian action and peace-keeping operations, Geneva, 22-24 June 1994, 1994 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph Symposium on humanitarian action and peace-keeping operations, Geneva, 22-24 June 1994 / Palwankar, Umesh (ed.), 107 p.. - Geneva : International Committee of the Red Cross, 1994. LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Cambodia / Bosnia-Herzegovina / El Salvador / Rwanda / Somalia / Central Africa / East Africa NOTE (GENERAL): UN charter; Geneva conventions; |
|
35. | Part II, 1995 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a monograph Part II : substantive law / REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT: United Nations legal order : volume 1 / Schachter, O.; Joyner, C. C. (eds.), p. 245-576. - Washington, D. C. : American Society of International Law, 1995. ISBN 0-521-46522-2 LANGUAGE: ENG ABSTRACT: The articles are:. 1. John F. Murphy : Force and arms. 2. Hurst Hannum : Human rights. 3. W. Ofuatey-Kodjoe : Self-determination. 4. David A. Martin : Refugees and migration. 5. Rebecca J. Cook : Women. 6. Virginia A. Leary : Labor. 7. Stephen Zamora : Economic relations and development. INDEX WORDS:
NOTE (GENERAL): UN charter-51; ICCPR; ICESCR; CERD; CRC; CAT; Refugee convention; Protocol relating to the status of refugees; Migrant workers convention; |
|
36. | Dinstein, Yoram : War, aggression and self-defence, 1994 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph War, aggression and self-defence / Dinstein, Yoram. - 2nd ed.., xxxi, 325 p.. - Cambridge : Cambridge U. P., 1994. ISBN 0-521-46526-5 LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Kuwait / Bosnia-Herzegovina / Ethiopia / Israel / Japan / Jordan / East Africa LOCAL GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Aaland Islands Entebbe NOTE (GENERAL): UN charter-51; Hague conventions |
|
37. | Cheng, Bin : General principles of law as applied by international courts and tribunals, 1994 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph series General principles of law as applied by international courts and tribunals / Cheng, Bin ; with a foreword by Georg Schwarzenberger, li, 490 p.. - Cambridge, N.Y. : Cambridge U. P., 1994. ISBN 0-521-46333-5 LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
|
|
38. | Weller, M. (ed.) : Iraq and Kuwait, 1993 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph series Iraq and Kuwait : the hostilities and their aftermath / Weller, M. (ed.) - ( Cambrdige international documents series ; vol. 3), xxx, 780 p.. - Cambridge : Grotius publ., 1993. ISBN 0-949009-98-9 LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
|
|
39. | Shaw, Malcolm N. : International law, 1995 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph International law / Shaw, Malcolm N.. - 3rd ed.., xlvii, 790 p.. - Cambridge : Cambridge U. P., 1995. ISBN 0-521-46316-5 LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
NOTE (GENERAL): UN charter |
|
40. | Cassese, Antonio : Self-determination of peoples, 1995 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph Self-determination of peoples : a legal reappraisal / Cassese, Antonio - ( Hersch Lauterpacht memorial lecture series ; 12), xviii, 375 p.. - New York : Cambridge U. P., 1995. ISBN 4~0-521-48187-2 LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Albania / Afghanistan / Estonia / Latvia / Lithuania / Eritrea / Croatia / Greenland / Finland / East Africa LOCAL GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Aaland Islands NOTE (GENERAL): UN charter; ICCPR; ICESCR; Additional protocols to the Geneva conventions (I); ICCPR-OP |
|
41. | Capaldo, Giuliana Ziccardi (ed.) : Répertoire de la jurisprudence de la Cour Internationale de Justice (1947-1992), 1995 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph Répertoire de la jurisprudence de la Cour Internationale de Justice (1947-1992) = Repertory of decisions of the International Court of Justice (1947-1992) / Capaldo, Giuliana Ziccardi (ed.) ; Negre, Stefania (Drafting Committee) ; Bruno, Giovanni Carlo. - 2 vol.., lxxvii, 1211 p.. - Dordrecht : Martinus Nijhoff publ., 1995. ISBN 0-7923-3515-5 LANGUAGE: FRE, ENG INDEX WORDS:
NOTE (GENERAL): UN charter LIBRARY LOCATION: IMR SHELF CODE: ICJ |
|
42. | Scott, Craig ... [et al.] : A memorial for Bosnia, 1995 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial A memorial for Bosnia : framework of legal arguments concerning the lawfulness of the maintenance of the United Nations Security Council's arms embargo on Bosnia and Herzegovina / Scott, Craig ... [et al.] REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): Michigan journal of international law : vol. 16; no. 1., p. 1-140. - Ann Arbor, Michigan : Univ. of Michigan Law School, 1995. - ISSN 1052-2867 LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Bosnia-Herzegovina / Libya / North Africa NOTE (GENERAL): UN charter; Vienna convention on the law of treaties |
|
43. | Tyagi, Yogesh K. : The concept of humanitarian intervention revisited, 1995 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial The concept of humanitarian intervention revisited / Tyagi, Yogesh K. REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): Michigan journal of international law : vol. 16; no. 3., p. 883-910. - Ann Arbor, Michigan : Univ. of Michigan Law School, 1995. - ISSN 1052-2867 LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
NOTE (GENERAL): ICCPR; UN charter-39-51 |
|
44. | Controversies, 1995 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a monograph Controversies / REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT: The rights of minority cultures / Kymlicka, W. (ed.), p. 303-382. - Oxford : Oxford U. P., 1995. ISBN 0-19-878101-6 LANGUAGE: ENG ABSTRACT: The articles are:. 1. The Rushdie affair : research agenda for poplitical philosophy, by Bhikhu Parekh. 2. The capacity of international law to advance ethnic or nationality rights claims, by S. James Anaya. 3. Aliens and citizens : the case for open borders, by Joseph H. Carens. 4. The morality of secession, by Allen Buchanan. INDEX WORDS:
NOTE (GENERAL): UN charter; |
|
45. | Questions relating to the maintenance of international peace and security, 1994 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a monograph Questions relating to the maintenance of international peace and security / REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT: El derecho internacional en un mundo en transformacion = Le droit international dans un monde en mutation = International law in an evolving world : in tribute to professor Eduardo Jiménez de Aréchaga / Rama-Montaldo, M. (ed.), p. 425-502. - Montevideo : Fundacion de cultura universitaria, 1994. LANGUAGE: SPA, ENG, FRE ABSTRACT: The articles are:. 1. Derek Bowett : Collective security and collective self-defence : the errors and risks in identification. 2. Erik Suy : Le Conseil de Securité et la frontiere entre l'Iraz et le Koweit. 3. R. St. McDonald : The International Court of Justice and the Security Council of the United Nations. 4. Ramiro Piriz Ballon : Algunos aspectos juridicos que se plantean en relacion con "UN programa de Paz" INDEX WORDS:
GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Iraq / Kuwait / Bosnia-Herzegovina NOTE (GENERAL): Un charter; Genocide convention |
|
46. | Weller, Marc : Terminating armed intervention in civil war , 1994 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of monograph series Terminating armed intervention in civil war : the Afghanistan peace accords of 1988, 1991 and 1993 / Weller, Marc REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT: Finnish yearbook of international law [=FYBIL] : 1994 : vol. V / Koskenniemi, M. (ed.-in-chief), p. 505-689. - Helsinki : Ius Gentium Association, 1994. - ISSN 0786-6453 ISBN 951-95253-8-6 LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Afghanistan / USSR NOTE (GENERAL): UN charter; |
|
47. | Soroos, Marvin S. : Global change, environmental security and the prisoner's dilemma, 1994 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial Global change, environmental security and the prisoner's dilemma / Soroos, Marvin S. REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): Journal of peace research : vol. 31; no. 3., p. 317-332. - London : SAGE, 1994. - ISSN 0022-3433 LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
|
|
48. | Higgins, Rosalyn : Peace and security, 1995 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial Peace and security : achievements and failures / Higgins, Rosalyn REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): European journal of international law [=EJIL] : the United Nations jubilee issue = Journal europeen de droit international : vol. 6; no. 3., p. 445-460. - München : C. H. Beck, 1995. - ISSN 0938-5428 LANGUAGE: ENG ABSTRACT: Peace and Security Achievements and Failures Peace and Security Achievements and Failures Rosalyn Higgins *1 The history of the United Nations, 1945-1995, in the field of peace and security, would be a scholarly enterprise of several volumes. One is struck first of all by the sheer magnitude of all that has happened relating to the UN's role in peace and security during these years. The texts, the problems, the events, the attempts, the developments, the successes, the failures, the new problems - come teeming upon each other. But, looking back over the last fifty years, it seems to me that certain trends and patterns are clearly discernible. We cannot understand where we are now, and what problems the United Nations faces today in the field of peace and security, without understanding what was intended, and what has actually occurred in the intervening period time. And only then can we explore what is happening today - and the implications for tomorrow. I. The First Phase: What was Intended To look at the text of the Charter, and to remind ourselves of what was originally intended, is to see how far we have come from the original ideas of the founding fathers. The United Nations Charter was intended to provide a comprehensive set of prescriptions on conflict resolution and the use of force. On the one hand there were the provisions for settling disputes between States, and the prescriptions as to when force could or could not be used. On the other was the intended capability of the United Nations itself to provide collective security, if necessary by enforcing the peace. Chapter VI of the Charter indicates the appropriate methods of settling international disputes and gives the Security Council certain powers in relation to these. Whether decisions taken by the Security Council under Chapter VI can be binding has been the subject of some controversy . But it is agreed that generally speaking, resolutions under Chapter VI will be recommendatory, rather than decisions which bind the membership at large by reference to Article 25. The International Court of Justice in the Namibia case made the extremely important observation (which has implications for other chapters of the Charter as well) that resolutions may in any event have operative effect - that is to say, the findings of fact, or applications of law within an organ's own competence, are determinative.2 As for the entitlement of States to use force, the matter was meant to be resolved by the combined application of Article 2(4) and Article 51. All use of force save in self-defence was prohibited under Article 2(4) (as the International Court in the Corfu Channel case was to affirm in its judgment in 1949). Article 51 did not entirely `match' Article 2(4), in that under the former a State could use force `if an armed attack occurs', but the latter provision prohibited the threat or use of force. (Years later, in the Nicaragua v. United States case (Merits), the International Court was further to underline that Articles 2(4) and 51 were not fully obverse sides of the same coin, by its finding that not all illegal uses of force constituted an armed attack, and that the right to self-defence was available only in regard to the latter).3 INDEX WORDS:
NOTE (GENERAL): UN charter-45-47 |
|
49. | Schabas, William A. : South Africa's new constitutional court abolishes the death penalty, 1995 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial South Africa's new constitutional court abolishes the death penalty / Schabas, William A. REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): Human rights law journal = HRLJ : vol. 16; no. 4-6., p. 133-148. - Kehl am Rhein : N. P. Engel, 1995. - ISSN 0174-4704 LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
NOTE (GENERAL): Canadian charter of rights and freedoms; ECHR; AMR;ICCPR; UDHR; ACHPR |
|
50. | Doswald-Beck, Louise (ed.) : San Remo manual on international law applicable to armed conflicts at sea, 1995 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph San Remo manual on international law applicable to armed conflicts at sea / Doswald-Beck, Louise (ed.) ; prep. by International lawyers and Naval Experts, ix, 257 p.. - Cambridge : Cambridge U. P., 1995. ISBN 0-521-55864-6 LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
NOTE (GENERAL): Geneva conventions; Additional protocols to the Geneva conventions; Hague conventions; UN charter; |
|
51. | Spinedi, Marina (ed.) : United Nations codification of state responsibility , 1987 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph United Nations codification of state responsibility / Spinedi, Marina (ed.) ; Simma, Bruno (ed.), xi, 418 p.. - New York : Oceana publ., 1987. ISBN 0-379-20877-6 LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
NOTE (GENERAL): Vienna convention on the law of treaties |
|
52. | Bedjaoui, Mohammed : The new world order and the Security Council, 1994 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph The new world order and the Security Council : testing the legality of its acts / Bedjaoui, Mohammed, xix, 531 p.. - Dordrecht : Martinus Nijhoff publ., 1994. ISBN 0-7923-3434-5 LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
NOTE (GENERAL): UN charter; |
|
53. | Jasentuliyana, Nandasiri (ed.) : Perspectives on international law , 1995 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph Perspectives on international law : dedicated to judge Manfred Lachs for his lifelong and lasting contribution to international law / Jasentuliyana, Nandasiri (ed.) ; Boutros-Ghali, Boutros (foreword), xvii, 556 p.. - London : Kluwer, 1995. ISBN 90-411-0884-X LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
NOTE (GENERAL): A publication on the occasion of the fiftieth anniversary of the United Nations and a contribution to the decade of international law |
|
54. | Hare, C. : A passage through India (and beyond) or a case of love thy neighbour, 1995 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial A passage through India (and beyond) or a case of love thy neighbour / Hare, C. ; Wong, J. REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): Leiden journal of international law : vol. 8 : no. 2., p. 311-337. - Leiden : Leiden University. Faculty of Law, 1995. - ISSN 0922-1565 LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
NOTE (GENERAL): UN charter-2-51; Convention on the law of the sea; |
|
55. | Sandbu, Magnus (ed.) : International terrorism, 1989 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph series International terrorism / Sandbu, Magnus (ed.) ; Nordbeck, Peter (ed.) - ( Skrifter utgivna av Juridiska Föreningen i Lund ; nr 104), 109 p.. - Lund : Juristförlaget i Lund, 1989. ISBN 91-544-2041-5 LANGUAGE: ENG ABSTRACT: The articles are:. 1. Jacob W. F. Sundberg : Introduction to international terrorism - the tactics and strategy of international terrorism. 2. Richard Clutterbuck : International co-operation against terrorism - treaties, conventions and bilateral agreements. 3. Yoram Dinstein : The right of self-defence against armed attacks. 4. Karl Vidar Hellners : Neutrality and terrorism. 5. Ingrid Detter De Lupis : The legal position of a hostage. 6. Peter Nobel : Terrorism and human rights INDEX WORDS:
NOTE (MEETINGS): Report from a seminar arranged by the European Law Students' Association in Lund, Sweden, [19871001-19871003], [C] NOTE (GENERAL): ACHPR; ECHR; UN charter-51; European convention for the suppression of terrorism; Vienna convention on diplomatic relations; LIBRARY LOCATION: Privaträtt |
|
56. | Kress, Claus : The external use of German armed forces - the 1994 judgment of the Bundesverfassungsgericht, 1995 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial The external use of German armed forces - the 1994 judgment of the Bundesverfassungsgericht / Kress, Claus REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): International and comparative law quarterly : vol. 44; no. 2., p. 414-425. - London : British Institute of International and Comparative Law, 1995. - ISSN 0020-5893 LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Germany NOTE (GENERAL): UN charter; |
|
57. | Current developments , 1993 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial Current developments : public international law / REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): International and comparative law quarterly : vol. 42; no. 4., p. 938-975. - London : British Institute of International and Comparative Law, 1993. - ISSN 0020-5893 LANGUAGE: ENG ABSTRACT: The articles are:. 1. The UK and the UN, by Colin Warbrick. 2. UK implementation of UN sanctions, by Hazel Fox and C. Wickremasinghe. INDEX WORDS:
GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: United Kingdom |
|
58. | Guatemala, 1996 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph series Guatemala : return to violence : refugees, civil patrollers and impunity / - ( Human rights watch : Americas ; vol. 8; no. 1 (B)), 31 p.. - New York : Human Rights Watch, 1996. LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
NOTE (GENERAL): ICCPR; AMR |
|
59. | Franck, Thomas : Fairness in international law and institutions , 1995 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph Fairness in international law and institutions / Franck, Thomas, xxxvi, 500 p. . - Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1995. ISBN 0-19-8225901-8 LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
NOTE (GENERAL): UN charter; ICCPR; Nuremberg charter |
|
60. | Neff, Stephen C. : Towards a law of unarmed conflict, 1995 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial Towards a law of unarmed conflict : a proposal for a new international law of hostility / Neff, Stephen C. REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): Cornell international law journal : vol. 28; no. 1., p. 1-28. - Ithaca, N.Y. : Cornell Law School, 1995. - ISSN 0010-8812 LANGUAGE: ENG INDEX WORDS:
GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Cuba / Iraq / USA NOTE (GENERAL): UN charter; |